A compound turbo system uses two turbochargers of different sizes working in a sequence to provide a broad range of power and efficiency improvements. Here’s how it works:
1. Small Turbo: This turbocharger is designed to spool up quickly, providing immediate boost at low RPMs (revolutions per minute). This helps reduce turbo lag and improves low-end power and responsiveness.
2. Large Turbo: This turbocharger is designed for high RPMs and can handle more air volume, providing significant boost and power at higher engine speeds. However, it takes longer to spool up compared to the small turbo.
Working Mechanism
• Low RPMs: The small turbocharger provides the primary boost, allowing for quick response and low-end torque.
• Mid to High RPMs: As engine speed increases, the large turbocharger starts to spool up and gradually takes over from the small turbocharger. The small turbo continues to provide some boost, but the large turbo becomes the primary source of increased air pressure.
• High RPMs: The large turbocharger is fully spooled and providing maximum boost, enhancing high-end power and performance. The small turbo either supplements the large turbo or becomes less active.
Benefits
• Reduced Turbo Lag: The small turbocharger provides quick boost at low RPMs, reducing the time it takes for the engine to respond to throttle input.
• Wide Power Band: By using two turbos of different sizes, the system can provide strong performance across a wider range of engine speeds.
• Increased Efficiency: More efficient air compression at different RPM ranges can lead to better fuel efficiency and overall engine performance.
Applications
• Diesel Engines: Compound turbo systems are common in diesel engines, especially in heavy-duty applications like trucks and industrial machinery, where a wide power band and high torque are crucial.
Overall, a compound turbo system offers significant advantages in terms of performance, efficiency, and responsiveness, making it a popular choice in both performance and heavy-duty applications.
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